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DARI REDAKSI
Rekan-rekan Alumni, CyberClips terpaksa absen pada minggu lalu. Aktifitas Redaksi difokuskan kepada penyuntingan liputan HUT Emas dan Reuni Akbar.
Semoga CyberClips edisi ini dapat mengisi akhir pekan anda...
Salam,
Volcano
Why Do Volcanoes Erupt?
The "Piton de la Fournaise" volcano on the French overseas territories island of La Reunion in the Indian Ocean erupts March 27, 2001, spewing larva from the Dolomieu crater. The previous eruption of this volatile volcano was in October, 2000./Richard Bouhet (Reuters)
Deep within the Earth it is so hot that some rocks slowly melt and become thick flowing substance called magma. Because it is lighter than the solid rock around it, magma rises and collects in magma chambers. Eventually some of the magma pushes through vents and fissures in the Earth's surface. A volcanic eruption occurs! Magma that has erupted is called lava.
Some volcanic eruptions are explosive and others are not. How explosive an eruption is depends on how runny or sticky the magma is. If magma is thin and runny, gases can escape easily from it. When this type of magma erupts, it flows out of the volcano. Lava flows rarely kill people, because they move slowly enough for people to get out of their way. Lava flows, however, can cause considerable destruction to buildings in their path.
If magma is thick and sticky, gases cannot escape easily. Pressure builds up until the gases escape violently and explode. In this type of eruption, the magma blasts into the air and breaks apart into pieces called tephra. Tephra can range in size from tiny particles of ash to house-size boulders. Explosive volcanic eruptions can be dangerous and deadly. They can blast out clouds of hot tephra from the side or top of a volcano. These fiery clouds race down mountainsides destroying almost everything in their path. Ash erupted into the sky falls back to Earth like powdery snow, but snow that won't melt. If thick enough, blankets of ash can suffocate plants, animals, and humans. When hot volcanic materials mix with water from streams or melted snow and ice, mudflows form. Mudflows have buried entire communities located near erupting volcanoes.
Because there may be hundreds or thousands of years between volcanic eruptions, people may not be aware of a volcano's dangers. When Mount St. Helens in the State of Washington erupted in 1980, it had not erupted for 123 years. Most people thought Mount St. Helens was a beautiful, peaceful mountain and not a dangerous volcano.VOLCANO WATCH
Klik untuk melihat citra satelit dari 10 gunung teraktif di dunia. Di "update" setiap 30 menit.SAN FERMIN FIESTA
The bull run is the most well known act of the Sanfermines and the reason why so many strangers make their way to Pamplona on the 6th of July. Basically, it consists of running along certain stretches of the streets which have been previously walled off, and the aim of which is to take the bulls from the Santo Domingo corrals to the Bull Ring where, later that afternoon, they will be fought. A total of six bulls are "run" as well as two herds of tame bulls and the route, which runs through different streets of the old city centre, measures 825 metres.
This dangerous race, which is run every morning between the 7th and 14th of July, begins at 8.00 a.m., although the runners will have entered the run at 7.30. A few minutes before the race is due to begin the youths who will make the run entrust themselves to San Fermín and sing three times before a niche of the Saint decorated with the scarves of the peñas, or social groups, which is located on the Cuesta de Santo Domingo. The song goes like this: "We ask San Fermín, as our Patron, to guide us through the Bull Run and give us his blessing."At eight o'clock exactly the first rocket is launched announcing the opening of the gates of the small corrals' of Santo Domingo, while the firing of the second indicates that all the bulls have left. From then on the animals run along the following course: they go up the Santo Domingo rise and cross the Town Hall Square in order to run in line down the Calle Mercaderes. A closed curve leads into the Calle Estafeta, the longest part of the route which is followed by a small part of the Calle Duque de Ahumada, also known as the Telefónica stretch, which gives access to the dead end street which leads to the Bull Ring. Once all the bulls have entered the taurine enclosure a third rocket goes up while the fourth indicates that the beasts have gone into the bullpens and the Bull Run is over.
The run lasts for three minutes on average, which are prolonged if any of the bulls should get separated from its brothers. Although all the stretches are dangerous, the curve of the Calle Mercaderes and the stretch between the Calle Estafeta and the Bull Ring are those which hold the most risk.
At present overcrowding is one of the main problems of the Bull Run and increases the danger of the run in which the youths should not try to hold out for more than 50 metres before the bulls.
All sections of the route are looked over by a large number of security guards and first aid assistants. However, the danger of the run has meant that between 1924 and 1997 14 people have dies and more than 200 been injured by the bulls.SILLY QUOTES
"It's no exaggeration to say that the undecideds could go one way or another."
-George Bush, US President"I have opinions of my own -- strong opinions --but I don't always agree with them."
-George Bush, US President
Forbidden City
The Forbidden City was the palace for Emperors of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. During a period of 500 years, 24 emperors ruled China from the Forbidden City. In 1911, Double Ten Revolution ended the Chinese 2000 years Imperial political system. In 1925, the palace was changed into the largest museum in China - The Palace
The design of Forbidden City was done according to the Confucian system. The main building lies directly on the city's north south axis, or to either side of this line. Emperors loved the number 9, which is the largest number among odd numbers. This is why nine is always used throughout the Forbidden City. For example, there are nine mythical beasts on the roof and nine-dragon walls in the palace. No expense was spared in its construction. Craftsmen and workers were brought to the new capital and given the finest materials in China to work with. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the emperors filled this city with exquisite treasures many of which remain in the palace museum today. Perhaps it is the name of the city evoking images of secrecy and intrigue that best sums up the mystique it has always possessed.
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SELEBRITI
BRUCE WILLIS
He was born in 1955 on an Army base in West Germany and moved with his family to New Jersey two years later after his father's discharge from the military. After high school, Willis played harmonica in blues clubs before enrolling in Montclair State College, where he earned accolades as Brick in the drama program's production of "Cat on a Hot Tin Roof." Encouraged and confident, he dropped out of school and moved to Manhattan, where he spent several years doing the requisite struggling-actor regimen--working in bars and restaurants when he wasn't answering casting calls or appearing in off-Broadway productions.
After a false start in films that included uncredited roles in "The Verdict" and "The First Deadly Sin" and an unsuccessful attempt to star opposite Madonna in "Desperately Seeking Susan," Willis landed a role on the ABC television series "Moonlighting" in 1985. The show's success enabled him to reignite his movie career in "Blind Date" and "Sunset," both directed by Blake Edwards, and attract the attention of Demi Moore, who he married in 1987.
In only his3rd official screen appearance, Willis hit the jackpot -- 1988's "Die Hard" was a resounding success, and he turned his back on television for good. He provided the voice of baby Mikey in "Look Who's Talking" and returned as John McClane in 1990's "Die Hard 2: Die Harder," but his momentum was derailed by a series of films that were panned by critics, including "Bonfire of the Vanities" and "Hudson Hawk." Despite starring opposite his wife in the underrated "Mortal Thoughts" and opposite Oscar-winner Meryl Streep in "Death Becomes Her," critics were quick to pronounce Willis' acting career dead until 1994, when he turned in a terrific performance as the corrupt boxer in Quentin Tarantino's "Pulp Fiction." His popularity re-established, Willis kept the ball rolling with the guaranteed blockbuster "Die Hard With A Vengeance" and a more adventurous roles in the futuristic films "12 Monkeys" and "The Fifth Element." He followed those with four thrillers, three action-packed ("The Siege," "Mercury Rising" and "Armageddon") and one psychological ("The Sixth Sense"); then returned to comedy in the sleeper "Breakfast Of Champions" and the hit "The Whole Nine Yards".ALBUM TENIS
DENISA CHLADKOVA
Screen Saver
Banyak screensaver dapat di download dari pelbagai situs secara cuma-cuma. Salah satunya kami pilihkan untuk anda. Klik diisini untuk mengunjungi situs tsb.
FOTOGRAFI
Galaxy adalah obyek yang sangat menarik bagi banyak fotografer karena banyak alasan. Untuk dapat mengerti alasan itu, kami pilihkan beberapa hasil karya mereka.
Andromeda
Swan Nebula
Top Model
Gisele Bundchen
Liisa Winkler
Angelica Boss
Dirgantara
Lockheed P38 Lightning
[1943, USA]
Unusual twin-boom WWII fighter. Most US fighters with the Allison V-1710 engine suffered from bad performance at higher altitudes, but the P-38 was fitted with turbochargers in the tail booms, behind the engines. Armament was concentrated in the nose of the central nacelle. The P-38 was not very suitable for combat in Europe, but achieved great succes in the Pacific. The P-38F was the first combat-ready model. The P-38J introduced new air intakes for the radiators, finally solving cooling prolems.
10037 built. Function: fighter
Year: 1942, Crew: 1
Engines: 2 * 900kW Allison
V-1710-49/53
Wing Span: 15.85m
Length: 11.53m
Height: 3.91m
Wing Area: 30.5m2
Empty Weight: 5902kg
Max.Weight: 7173kg
Max. Speed: 628km/h
Ceiling: 11900m
Max. Range: 1125km
Armament: 1*g20mm 4*mg12.7mm
YF23A[1990, USA]
The YF-23 was a stealth air-superiority fighter, which lost the competition with the YF-22. The YF-23 was the most unconventional of the two designs; it had a diamond-shape wing platform and a V-tail. Missiles were to be carried in two fuselage bays. The second prototype had the General Electric YF120 engine. In the pursuit of stealth, all of the weapons carried by the F-23 were to have been housed completely internally. The forward section of the fuselage underbelly was flat, with a capacious weapons bay immediately aft of the nose gear bay. The bay could carry four AIM-120 AMRAAM air-to-air missiles. The missiles were to be launched by having the doors open and the missiles extend out into the airstream on trapezes. The missiles would then drop free and the motor would fire. The doors would then immediately shut, minimizing the amount of time that they were open and thus possibly causing more intense radar returns. It was planned that production F-23 would have had a stretched forebody, accommodating an extra missile bay for a pair of AIM-9 Sidewinders or ASRAAM air-to-air missiles in front of the AMRAAM bay. In addition, production F-23s would have carried a 20-mm M61 Vulcan cannon fitted inside the upper starboard fuselage just above the main weapons bay.
Sending Photos by E-mail
What if you have an image, or other file, and want to send it to someone. Not too long ago, your only choices were to print it out and either post or fax it. The easiest and cheapest one now is to attach the image file to an e-mail message and send it to the recipient that way. E-mail has become so universal that it's a great way to distribute your photographs
Attachments are files that are sent along with email messages. If email messages were paper memos, attachments would be files that you fastened to the memo with a paper clip. You can attach web pages, sound files, image files, and executable files.
All you have to do is create an e-mail message addressed to the person you want to send a picture to and attach the photo. Almost all e-mail program's have an Attach command somewhere on their menus. When you use this command, you have to enter the name of the photograph you want to attach and most programs will let you browse to find it on your system.
The Attach dialog box usually looks just like the standard. Open dialog box so you can browse for the folder and image file you want to send. After you've attached the photo, you just click the Send command and the message with the photo attached is on its way. Here are some things to keep in mind when e-mailing images:
Be sure to use an image format, such as JPEG, that most e-mail programs support. Keep the image file size small so you don't bring the recipient's system to its knees when they receive the message. Many image files are 1 megabyte or more and take forever to download to a person's system. They are also too large to be seen on the screen so the user has to scroll them up and down and side to side. It's like looking at an image through a paper tube. To make an image smaller, use a photo editing program to reduce the size to 600 or so pixels wide and increase compression.
E-mail attachment to be sent
E-mail attachment received and displayed as a link.
When an e-mail with an attachment arrives at the recipient's end, they can usually view it in the message as either a link or as an image. You can right-click the link or image to display a pop-up menu and use the save command to save the image onto your system's disk. If you want, you can then use it like any other digital image on your system.
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